Alan Turing had a revolutionary mind. By the time he was 25, he had created the concept of the Turing Machine, the original general purpose computer. The invention of the Turing Machine is often marked as the birth of field of Computer Science.
During World War II, the British government called on this genius to lead an effort to break German naval code machines called “Enigma”. His team’s efforts lead to the successful breaking of the settings of Enigma and enabled the Allies to defeat the Axis powers in many crucial engagements.
He also happened to be a homosexual man, which was a crime in the UK at the time. He was convicted and, as a condition of not imprisoning him, he was subjected to chemical castration. 2 weeks before his 42nd birthday, he died, in this house, as a result of cyanide poisoning, which was ruled to be suicide.
In 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown issued an official public apology for “the appalling way [Turing] was treated. Queen Elizabeth II granteed him a posthumous pardon in 2013 and in 2017, Parliment passed a law, named the “Alan Turing Law” which retroactively pardoned men harmed by the laws that outlawed homosexual acts.
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